The role of public administration in sustainable development in Ecuador

Abstract

Introduction: The concept of sustainable development has gained relevance in the government agenda since the adoption of Agenda 21 in 1992 and more recently with the SDGs in 2015. In Ecuador, the National Development Plan (2021-2025) seeks to harmonize economic growth, social justice, and environmental conservation, implementing programs such as the Human Development Bond and reforestation. However, obstacles remain, such as a lack of interinstitutional coordination and inequality in policy implementation. Objective: To analyze the role of public administration in sustainable development and its impacts on the development of Ecuadorian societies. Methodology: The study focused on a qualitative approach, reviewing secondary sources such as regulations, institutional reports, and academic literature. Documents from key entities such as the Ministry of Environment, the National Public Procurement Service, and the UNDP, published in recent years, were prioritized. The analysis was descriptive and explanatory, with emphasis on policies such as the Human Development Bond, sustainable public procurement, and reforestation programs. Results: Significant progress was observed in poverty reduction (from 32.4% in 2019 to 27.7% in 2022) and deforestation decrease (15% between 2020 and 2023). The Human Development Bond benefited 1.2 million households, and conservation programs protected 1.3 million hectares of forest. However, challenges persist, such as pressure on water resources, lack of interinstitutional coordination, and inequality in implementation, especially in rural areas. Conclusion: Ecuador has made significant progress in integrating sustainability strategies, but it is necessary to strengthen coordination between institutions and promote greater participation of rural communities. The experience of countries like Colombia and Brazil suggests that decentralization and intersectoral collaboration are key to achieving inclusive and effective sustainable development. General Area of Knowledge: Public Administration. Specific Area of Knowledge: Sustainable Development. Type of Study: Bibliographic Review.